Basic Rules of International Humanitarian Law

By basic rules of international humanitarian law, we make reference to those things that must be borne in mind by the parties at war. These include the following amongst others.

The Legal Elements of an Offence

The general effect of criminal law is to forbid the commission of certain conducts, by creating offenses which could be of commission or omission. In Nigeria, the Criminal Code defines an offense as an act or omission which is rendered punishable under the code or other legislative enactment. But the mere commission of an act or the bringing about of a state of affairs that the law forbids is not enough to constitute an offense. It is generally required that some element of wrongful intent or other fault must exist.

Historical Origin of International Humanitarian Law

It was by the 19^th century that the evolution of International Humanitarian Law gained full force through international conventions and treaties like the Geneva Conventions of 1864 and Hague Convention and the declaration of 1899. However, the rule existing prior to the 19^th century played vital roles in the evolution of the correct body of International Humanitarian Law and some of the rules that will be considered here.

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